Fight Report

User Name:
Password:
Remember:
Forgotten Password
Not Registered? Sign Up Now!
* *
Twitter Facebook Discord Email Forum | How To Play | Accessibility
05/02/2033
Next Processing: 00:36
Rodrigo Tax vs Fausto Rojo

Boxing Daily Report from the AI Colombia-Distrito Capital promoted show at Bogota Ronquillo, Bogota,  taking place on 15/01/2030:

The venue is mostly sold out with the fans eager to turn out for tonights fights.  
Next up is the main event of the show.  This is a mandatory fight for the Colombia-Distrito Capital Welterweight title.  

Looking to impress the boxing fans in attendance and those watching live on CARACOL, the two fighters competing in this 10 round matchup are Rodrigo Tax (16 - 0) who hails from Bogota, Colombia and Fausto Rojo(12(3) - 8(1)) from Bogota, Colombia.  Both Tax and Rojo weighed in at 147 pounds.  
The referee tonight is Angel Salmeron, and the three ringside judges are Hilario Rebollar, Montel Bastidas and Alejandro Manuel.  

Round 1: 

Tax lands a ramrod jab.  Tax tries to land a cross, but Rojo blocks the shot and counters with a right hook to Tax's body.  
Rojo is looking to close the distance.  Tax throws a left uppercut, but his opponent slips the shot and counters with a left uppercut.  
Tax tries to keep the action at long range and hits home with a ramrod jab.  
Rojo is looking to close the distance and attempts to land a left hook, but Tax blocks the shot and counters with a right uppercut.  
Tax is looking to keep the action on the outside and attempts to land a cross, but Rojo sidesteps and counters with a stinging right hook.  
Rojo closes the distance and walks Tax onto the ropes.  Rojo lands two right hooks to his opponents ribs.  
Rojo lands a left hook followed by a right hook to his opponents body.  As the two fighters work on the inside, their heads come together!  The ref does not appear to have noticed the clash as Tax dabs at his face checking for damage.  
Rojo lands a left uppercut followed by a left hook to his opponents body.  As Tax tries to work on the inside, the fighters heads come together!  The ref does not appear to have noticed the clash as Rojo dabs at his face checking for damage.  
Tax is looking to keep the action on the outside and lands a spiteful jab.  
Rojo steps inside.  Tax is on target with a left hook to his opponents ribs.  
Tax hits home with a cross.  
Tax lands a jab.  
Rojo cuts off the ring, trapping Tax in the corner.  Rojo lands a left hook followed by a right hook to his opponents body.  
Rojo lands two left hooks to his opponents ribs.  
Rojo drives a right hook into his opponents body.  
Rojo sidesteps to the left of his opponent and is on target with a right hook to Tax's ribcage.  
Tax is on target with a right hook to his opponents ribs.  
Tax tries to keep the action at long range and connects with an overhand right.  
Rojo advances into close range and walks his opponent onto the ropes.  Rojo throws a right hook, but his opponent sidesteps and counters with a cross.  
Rojo lands two right hooks to his opponents ribs.  
Rojo is on target with a solid left hook to his opponents ribs.  
Rojo tries to land a left hook, but his opponent parries the shot and counters with a cross.  
Rojo drives a left hook into his opponents body.  
Tax is looking to keep the action on the outside and attempts to land a cross, but Rojo sidesteps and counters with a sharp cross.  
At the end of Round 1, lets listen in on the corners...Tax's trainer is suggesting ways of getting through to his opponent.  Tax's trainer is passing on some tactical advice.  Tax's trainer is telling his fighter to tighten his defence.  

Round 1 Statistics
Tax: 
Jabs Thrown: 10                            
Jabs Landed: 4                             
Power Shots Thrown: 27                            
Power Shots Landed: 7                             
Head Shots Thrown: 30                            
Head Shots Landed: 9                             
Body Shots Thrown: 7                             
Body Shots Landed: 2                             

Rojo: 
Jabs Thrown: 0                             
Jabs Landed: 0                             
Power Shots Thrown: 30                            
Power Shots Landed: 20                            
Head Shots Thrown: 9                             
Head Shots Landed: 3                             
Body Shots Thrown: 21                            
Body Shots Landed: 17                            

Round 2: 

Tax lands with a hard jab.  
Rojo advances into close range and lands a left hook, left uppercut and a left hook to his opponents body, AND HIS OPPONENT IS HURT!  Tax quickly recovers. 
Rojo is on target with a left hook to his opponents liver.  
Tax tries to step out of his opponents range and lands a ramrod jab.  Tax throws a jab, but his opponent slips the shot and counters with a firm left hook.  
Tax hits home with a sharp jab.  
Rojo lands a right uppercut to the head, a left uppercut to the body and a right hook to the body.  THAT HURT HIS OPPONENT!  Tax almost instantly recovers. 
Tax tries to step out of his opponents range and lands with a hard jab.  Tax throws a cross, but his opponent slips the shot and counters with a stinging cross.  
Rojo steps inside and digs in a left hook to his opponents ribs.  
Tax is looking to keep the action on the outside and lands a double jab to his opponents head.  
Tax attempts to land a jab, but Rojo slips the shot and counters with a solid left uppercut.  
Tax switches the action to the outside and hits home with a solid jab.  Tax throws a jab, but his opponent sidesteps and counters with a cross.  
Tax steps to the outside and lands a hard jab.  
Tax connects with a cross.  
Tax tries to land a jab, but his opponent sidesteps and counters with a sharp left hook.  
Rojo steps inside and lands two left hook's to the body followed by a right uppercut to the head.  
Tax steps back and leans on the ropes with his guard up.  Rojo tries to tag Tax on the ropes, but his opponent blocks every shot!  Rojo digs in a right uppercut to his opponents body.  
Tax steps to the outside and lands two jabs to the body, and one to the head.  
Tax tries to keep the action at long range and lands with a spiteful jab.  
Rojo lands a right hook followed by a left hook to his opponents body.  
Tax lands a jab to the body followed by a cross to the head.  
Rojo closes the distance and digs in a solid right hook to Tax's body.  
Tax tries to step out of his opponents range and attempts to land a jab, but Rojo sidesteps and counters with a cross.  
Rojo closes the distance and lands two right hooks to his opponents ribs.  
Rojo drives a stinging left hook into Tax's ribs.  
Rojo lands a left uppercut, right hook and a left hook to his opponents body.  
Tax lands a jab followed by a overhand right to his opponents head.  
Tax steps to the outside and snaps his opponents head back with a stinging jab.  
Rojo advances into close range.  Rojo sidesteps to the right of his opponent and lands a left hook to the head, a left hook to the body and a right hook to the head.  


Round 2 Statistics
Tax: 
Jabs Thrown: 27                            
Jabs Landed: 15                            
Power Shots Thrown: 19                            
Power Shots Landed: 3                             
Head Shots Thrown: 38                            
Head Shots Landed: 16                            
Body Shots Thrown: 8                             
Body Shots Landed: 2                             

Rojo: 
Jabs Thrown: 0                             
Jabs Landed: 0                             
Power Shots Thrown: 47                            
Power Shots Landed: 30                            
Head Shots Thrown: 21                            
Head Shots Landed: 10                            
Body Shots Thrown: 26                            
Body Shots Landed: 20                            

Round 3: 

Rojo is on target with a right hook.  
Tax tries to land a jab, but his opponent slips the shot and counters with a right hook.  
Tax hits home with a cross.  
Tax tries to land a cross, but his opponent sidesteps and counters with a right uppercut.  
Tax lands with a spiteful jab.  
Rojo advances into close range and lands a left hook to the body, a right uppercut to the head and a left uppercut to the body.  
Tax steps away from his opponent and lands a cross to the body, and then to the head.  
Rojo gets on the inside.  Rojo pivots to the side of his opponent and lands a left hook followed by a left uppercut to his opponents body.  
Tax is looking to keep the action on the outside and lands two jabs to the body, and one to the head.  
Tax lands a straight 1 - 2.  
Rojo steps inside and is on target with a right uppercut.  
Rojo hits home with a stinging cross.  
Rojo is looking to close the distance.  Tax is on target with a left uppercut.  
Rojo steps inside.  Tax lands a right uppercut.  
Tax switches the action to the outside and hits home with a cross.  
Rojo steps inside and lands a right hook followed by a left hook to his opponents body.  
Tax is looking to keep the action on the outside and hits home with a spiteful jab.  Tax attempts to land a jab, but Rojo blocks the shot and counters with a stinging cross.  
Tax lands a straight 1 - 2.  
Tax throws a jab, but his opponent blocks the shot and counters with a cross.  
Tax tries to step out of his opponents range and lands a cross.  
Tax hits home with a stinging jab.  
Tax hits the target with a sharp jab.  
Tax is on target with a jab.  
Rojo gets on the inside.  Tax connects with a left hook.  
Tax is looking to keep the action on the outside and snaps his opponents head back with a ramrod jab.  
Tax hits home with a cross.  
Rojo steps inside.  Tax tries to land a right hook, but Rojo dodges the shot and counters with a firm right uppercut.  
Rojo lands two right hooks to his opponents ribs.  
Rojo connects with a left hook.  


Round 3 Statistics
Tax: 
Jabs Thrown: 26                            
Jabs Landed: 11                            
Power Shots Thrown: 29                            
Power Shots Landed: 11                            
Head Shots Thrown: 46                            
Head Shots Landed: 20                            
Body Shots Thrown: 9                             
Body Shots Landed: 2                             

Rojo: 
Jabs Thrown: 0                             
Jabs Landed: 0                             
Power Shots Thrown: 32                            
Power Shots Landed: 18                            
Head Shots Thrown: 16                            
Head Shots Landed: 10                            
Body Shots Thrown: 16                            
Body Shots Landed: 8                             

Round 4: 

Rojo drives a right hook into his opponents body.  
Tax lands two straights to the body, and one to the head.  
Tax tries to land a jab, but Rojo sidesteps and counters with a left uppercut.  
Tax tries to land a right hook, but Rojo slips the shot and counters with a right hook.  
Tax lands an overhand right followed by a cross to his opponents head.  
Rojo advances into close range and lands two left hooks to his opponents ribs.  THAT HURT HIS OPPONENT!  
Rojo stalks his opponent...he just needs the right shot to put his opponent away!  Rojo lands two left hooks to his opponents ribs, AND DOWN GOES TAX!  He is back up on his feet at 4.  
Tax switches the action to the outside.  Rojo lands a right hook followed by a left uppercut to his opponents body, AND SENDS TAX TO THE CANVAS!  He is back up on his feet at 6.  It looks like Tax has now recovered from that earlier bodyshot.  
Rojo gets on the inside and drives a firm right hook into Tax's body.  
Tax steps to the outside and finds the target with a sharp jab.  
Rojo steps inside.  Rojo sidesteps to the left of his opponent and drives a right hook into his opponents body.  
Rojo throws a left hook, but his opponent blocks the shot and counters with a right uppercut.  
Tax digs in a left hook to his opponents ribs.  
Tax switches the action to the outside and attempts to land a cross, but Rojo slips the shot and counters with a stinging right uppercut.  
Tax is on target with a left hook.  
Rojo sidesteps to the right of his opponent.  Tax throws a left hook, but his opponent blocks the shot and counters with a sharp cross.  
Tax is looking to keep the action on the outside and is on target with an overhand right.  
Tax lands a spiteful jab.  Tax attempts to land a jab, but Rojo slips the shot and counters with a firm left uppercut to his opponents body.  
Tax connects with a cross.  
Tax tries to land a jab, but his opponent sidesteps and counters with a firm cross.  


Round 4 Statistics
Tax: 
Jabs Thrown: 15                            
Jabs Landed: 2                             
Power Shots Thrown: 23                            
Power Shots Landed: 10                            
Head Shots Thrown: 31                            
Head Shots Landed: 10                            
Body Shots Thrown: 7                             
Body Shots Landed: 2                             

Rojo: 
Jabs Thrown: 0                             
Jabs Landed: 0                             
Power Shots Thrown: 34                            
Power Shots Landed: 15                            
Head Shots Thrown: 10                            
Head Shots Landed: 5                             
Body Shots Thrown: 24                            
Body Shots Landed: 10                            

Round 5: 

Tax tries to step out of his opponents range and attempts to land a cross, but Rojo sidesteps and counters with a firm cross.  
Tax lands a cross, jab and a cross to his opponents head.  
Rojo steps inside and drives a right hook into his opponents body.  
Tax steps to the outside and is on target with a ramrod jab.  
Rojo is looking to close the distance and is on target with a firm left hook to Tax's body.  
Tax switches the action to the outside and finds the target with a hard jab.  
Tax lands a double jab to his opponents head.  
Tax finds the target with a stinging jab.  
Tax lands an overhand left to the head followed by a jab to the body.  
Tax tries to step out of his opponents range and hits home with a cross.  
Tax attempts to land a jab, but Rojo sidesteps and counters with a cross.  
Tax is looking to keep the action on the outside and lands a double jab to his opponents head.  
Rojo advances into close range and drives a solid left hook into Tax's body.  Rojo tries to land a left hook, but Tax blocks the shot and counters with a right uppercut.  
Rojo lands a right hook to the body followed by a left uppercut to the head.  
Tax steps away from his opponent and tries to land an overhand left, but his opponent slips the shot and counters with a left uppercut.  
Tax connects with an overhand right.  
Tax lands two jabs to the body, and one to the head.  
Tax lands with a ramrod jab.  
Rojo steps inside and tries to land a right hook, but his opponent blocks the shot and counters with a right hook.  
Tax switches the action to the outside and lands a cross followed by a jab to his opponents head.  
Tax is on target with a spiteful jab.  
Rojo attempts to land a right hook, but Tax sidesteps and counters with a cross.  
Rojo quickly sidesteps from in front of his opponent and is on target with a sharp right uppercut to Tax's body.  
Rojo steps inside and lands a right hook followed by a left hook to his opponents body.  
Rojo is on target with a solid right uppercut.  
Rojo lands a right hook to the head, a left uppercut to the body and a right uppercut to the body.  
Tax is looking to keep the action on the outside and lands a double jab to his opponents head.  
Tax connects with a cross.  
Tax hits home with a ramrod jab.  
Rojo closes the distance and digs in a sharp left uppercut to his opponents ribs.  


Round 5 Statistics
Tax: 
Jabs Thrown: 32                            
Jabs Landed: 19                            
Power Shots Thrown: 21                            
Power Shots Landed: 10                            
Head Shots Thrown: 46                            
Head Shots Landed: 27                            
Body Shots Thrown: 7                             
Body Shots Landed: 2                             

Rojo: 
Jabs Thrown: 0                             
Jabs Landed: 0                             
Power Shots Thrown: 35                            
Power Shots Landed: 16                            
Head Shots Thrown: 13                            
Head Shots Landed: 6                             
Body Shots Thrown: 22                            
Body Shots Landed: 10                            

Round 6: 

Tax tries to step out of his opponents range and lands a double jab to his opponents head.  
Rojo lands a left uppercut to the body, and then to the head.  
Tax switches the action to the outside and hits the target with a stinging jab.  Tax throws a cross, but his opponent slips the shot and counters with a cross.  
Tax steps away from his opponent and lands a double jab to his opponents head.  
Rojo is on target with a firm right hook to his opponents body.  
Tax is looking to keep his distance and hits home with a hard jab.  
Tax lands with a hard jab.  
Tax connects with a cross.  Tax attempts to land a jab, but Rojo dodges the shot and counters with a left uppercut.  
Rojo advances into close range.  Tax throws a right hook, but his opponent sidesteps and counters with a left uppercut.  
Rojo is on target with a left uppercut to Tax's body.  
Tax steps away from his opponent and lands with a ramrod jab.  
Tax lands a jab.  
Tax steps to the outside and hits home with a cross.  Tax tries to land a cross, but Rojo slips the shot and counters with a left uppercut.  
Tax lands a straight 1 - 2.  
Tax tries to land a cross, but Rojo sidesteps and counters with a right hook.  
Tax tries to step out of his opponents range and tries to land a jab, but Rojo sidesteps and counters with a right hook.  
Rojo gets on the inside and drives a left uppercut into Tax's body.  Rojo tries to land a left hook, but Tax sidesteps and counters with a cross.  
Tax steps away from his opponent.  Rojo feints a cross, tricking Tax into launching a cross counter.  Rojo avoids the shot and counters with a cross.  
Tax finds the target with a spiteful jab.  
Rojo closes the distance and lands two left hooks to his opponents ribs.  
Tax lands two straights followed by a jab to his opponents head.  
Rojo feints a left hook, and then tries to land a jab, but his opponent sidesteps and counters with a left uppercut.  
Tax tries to land a left hook, but Rojo sidesteps and counters with a stinging left hook.  
Tax tries to step out of his opponents range and lands a jab followed by a overhand left to his opponents head.  Tax tries to land a jab, but Rojo blocks the shot and counters with a cross.  
Tax steps away from his opponent and tries to land a cross, but his opponent slips the shot and counters with a firm right uppercut.  
Rojo closes the distance and lands a right hook followed by a left uppercut to his opponents body.  
Rojo is on target with a left hook to his opponents body.  
Tax is looking to keep the action on the outside and lands a jab.  
Rojo gets on the inside and drives a firm right hook into his opponents body.  


Round 6 Statistics
Tax: 
Jabs Thrown: 29                            
Jabs Landed: 14                            
Power Shots Thrown: 24                            
Power Shots Landed: 8                             
Head Shots Thrown: 49                            
Head Shots Landed: 22                            
Body Shots Thrown: 4                             
Body Shots Landed: 0                             

Rojo: 
Jabs Thrown: 1                             
Jabs Landed: 0                             
Power Shots Thrown: 34                            
Power Shots Landed: 21                            
Head Shots Thrown: 17                            
Head Shots Landed: 11                            
Body Shots Thrown: 18                            
Body Shots Landed: 10                            

Round 7: 

Tax tries to keep the action at long range and lands a cross.  
Tax is on target with a cross.  
Rojo gets on the inside and attempts to land a left hook, but Tax parries the shot and counters with a left uppercut.  
Tax switches the action to the outside and tries to land a cross, but Rojo sidesteps and counters with a left hook to Tax's body.  
Rojo steps inside.  Rojo quickly sidesteps from in front of his opponent.  Tax connects with a right hook.  
Tax tries to keep the action at long range and lands a straight 1 - 2.  
Tax steps away from his opponent and throws a jab, but his opponent blocks the shot and counters with a cross.  
Rojo steps inside and lands a right hook to the head followed by a right uppercut to the body, KNOCKING TAX DOWN!  He is on his feet as the count reaches 8.  
Rojo lands a cross.  
Rojo steps inside and lands a right hook, left hook and a right uppercut to his opponents body.  
Tax steps away from his opponent and lands a cross to the body followed by a jab to the head.  Tax throws a jab, but his opponent sidesteps and counters with a right hook.  
Tax snaps his opponents head back with a spiteful jab.  
Tax lands a cross followed by a jab to his opponents head.  
Rojo is looking to close the distance and lands a left uppercut followed by a right hook to his opponents body.  HE HAS HIS OPPONENT IN TROUBLE!  Rojo tries to land a right hook, but his opponent blocks the shot and counters with a left hook.  
Tax steps away from his opponent.  Rojo thinks he can end the show early....he's looking to put Tax away.  Rojo lands a right uppercut to the body, a cross to the head and a left uppercut to the body, AND DOWN GOES TAX!  He is back up on his feet at 4.  It looks like Tax has now recovered from that earlier bodyshot.  
Rojo steps inside.  Rojo pivots to the right of his opponent and hits home with a stinging left hook.  
Tax is looking to keep his distance and is on target with a jab.  
Tax throws a right hook, but his opponent sidesteps and counters with a right uppercut.  
Tax steps to the outside and lands a straight 1 - 2.  
Tax tries to land a jab, but his opponent sidesteps and counters with a firm right hook.  
Rojo steps inside and lands a left uppercut followed by a right hook to his opponents body.  
Tax tries to keep the action at long range and lands two jabs followed by an overhand right to his opponents head.  
Rojo connects with a cross.  
Tax is looking to keep his distance and hits home with a cross.  


Round 7 Statistics
Tax: 
Jabs Thrown: 20                            
Jabs Landed: 8                             
Power Shots Thrown: 19                            
Power Shots Landed: 11                            
Head Shots Thrown: 37                            
Head Shots Landed: 18                            
Body Shots Thrown: 2                             
Body Shots Landed: 1                             

Rojo: 
Jabs Thrown: 0                             
Jabs Landed: 0                             
Power Shots Thrown: 37                            
Power Shots Landed: 20                            
Head Shots Thrown: 12                            
Head Shots Landed: 9                             
Body Shots Thrown: 25                            
Body Shots Landed: 11                            

Round 8: 

Tax tries to keep the action at long range and connects with a cross.  
Rojo tries to land a right uppercut, but Tax slips the shot and counters with a cross.  
Tax switches the action to the outside and is on target with an overhand left.  
Tax is looking to keep his distance and lands two straights followed by a jab to his opponents head.  
Rojo is looking to close the distance.  Tax lands a left hook.  
Tax tries to step out of his opponents range and is on target with a cross.  
Tax is on target with a jab.  
Tax lands a ramrod jab.  
Tax tries to keep the action at long range and attempts to land a cross, but Rojo parries the shot and counters with a stinging left hook.  
Tax switches the action to the outside and lands a jab to the body, and then to the head.  
Rojo sidesteps to the left of his opponent.  Tax drives a hard jab into his opponents face.  
Rojo is looking to close the distance and lands a left hook followed by a right hook to his opponents body, AND STUNS HIS OPPONENT!  Tax almost instantly recovers. 
Tax lands a double left hook to his opponents head.  
Tax is looking to keep the action on the outside and lands a ramrod jab.  
Rojo closes the distance and lands a right hook followed by a right uppercut to his opponents body.  
Tax steps away from his opponent and lands with a spiteful jab.  
Rojo closes the distance.  Tax lands a left hook.  
Rojo crashes a spiteful left uppercut to his opponents body.  TAX IS SENT SPRAWLING TO THE CANVAS!  He is back up on his feet at 6.  
Tax switches the action to the outside and lands a straight 1 - 2.  


Round 8 Statistics
Tax: 
Jabs Thrown: 15                            
Jabs Landed: 9                             
Power Shots Thrown: 29                            
Power Shots Landed: 11                            
Head Shots Thrown: 36                            
Head Shots Landed: 19                            
Body Shots Thrown: 8                             
Body Shots Landed: 1                             

Rojo: 
Jabs Thrown: 0                             
Jabs Landed: 0                             
Power Shots Thrown: 25                            
Power Shots Landed: 6                             
Head Shots Thrown: 10                            
Head Shots Landed: 1                             
Body Shots Thrown: 15                            
Body Shots Landed: 5                             

Round 9: 

Rojo closes the distance and lands a right hook, left hook and a left uppercut to his opponents body, DROPPING TAX TO THE CANVAS!  He tries to rise on shaky legs but Tax cant beat the count!  The winner by KO is Rojo!  


Round 9 Statistics
Tax: 
Jabs Thrown: 0                             
Jabs Landed: 0                             
Power Shots Thrown: 0                             
Power Shots Landed: 0                             
Head Shots Thrown: 0                             
Head Shots Landed: 0                             
Body Shots Thrown: 0                             
Body Shots Landed: 0                             

Rojo: 
Jabs Thrown: 0                             
Jabs Landed: 0                             
Power Shots Thrown: 3                             
Power Shots Landed: 3                             
Head Shots Thrown: 0                             
Head Shots Landed: 0                             
Body Shots Thrown: 3                             
Body Shots Landed: 3                             

Round 1 Scores: 9 - 10  9 - 10  9 - 10
Round 2 Scores: 9 - 10  9 - 10  9 - 10
Round 3 Scores: 10 - 9  10 - 9  10 - 9
Round 4 Scores: 7 - 10  7 - 10  7 - 10
Round 5 Scores: 10 - 9  10 - 9  10 - 9
Round 6 Scores: 10 - 10  10 - 9  10 - 9
Round 7 Scores: 7 - 10  7 - 10  7 - 10
Round 8 Scores: 9 - 10  9 - 10  9 - 10


Fight Statistics
Tax: 
Total Punches Thrown: 365                           
Total Punches Landed: 153                           
Total Head Shots Thrown: 313                           
Total Head Shots Landed: 141                           
Total Body Shots Thrown: 52                            
Total Body Shots Landed: 12                            
Total Power Shots Thrown: 191                           
Total Power Shots Landed: 71                            
Total Jabs Thrown: 174                           
Total Jabs Landed: 82                            

Rojo: 
Total Punches Thrown: 278                           
Total Punches Landed: 149                           
Total Head Shots Thrown: 108                           
Total Head Shots Landed: 55                            
Total Body Shots Thrown: 170                           
Total Body Shots Landed: 94                            
Total Power Shots Thrown: 277                           
Total Power Shots Landed: 149                           
Total Jabs Thrown: 1                             
Total Jabs Landed: 0